About the Science

The Science
Cosmoclimatology is the name given by Henrik Svensmark to the new kind of climate science featured in The Cloud Mystery. For more information we recommend the following links. (DNSC is short for Danish National Space Center. This has now been renamed DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark, but most documents still use the previous name.) Henrik Svensmark is now Head of Center for Sun-Climate Research at DTU Space.

OVERVIEWS OF COSMOCLIMATOLOGY:
Simplest introduction
A brief summary of cosmoclimatology
The full text of Svensmark's article on Cosmoclimatology, published by the Royal Astronomical Society (London) in Astronomy & Geophysics, February 2007.
THE COPENHAGEN EXPERIMENT (Press release from DNSC 4 Oct 2006)
More tecnical details on SKY experiment
DEAD SEA EVIDENCE FOR PAST CHANGES
See reference to Sushma Prasad and colleagues, below.

THE MILKY WAY IN CLIMATE CHANGE a link to Nir Shaviv´s web site.

THE ARGUMENTS CONTINUE

In July 2007 Mike Lockwood (UK) and Claus Fröhlich (Switzerland) published a paper arguing that even if the Sun influenced climate change in the past it could not possibly be responsible for recent changes. This was widely reported as putting an end to any claims about solar influences in current climate change – for example on the BBC website

In September 2007 Henrik Svensmark and Eigil Friis-Christensen released a DNSC Scientific Report replying to Lockwood & Fröhlich and concluding that the Sun is still very much in charge of climate change

SCIENTIFIC PAPERS

These are the references to peer-reviewed articles most relevant to The Cloud Mystery.

Eigil Friis-Christensen and Knud Lassen, ‘Length of the Solar Cycle: An Indicator of Solar Activity Closely Associated with Climate’, Science, Vol. 254, pp. 698–700, 1991

Henrik Svensmark and Eigil Friis-Christensen, ‘Variation of Cosmic Ray Flux and Global Cloud Coverage – a Missing Link in Solar–Climate Relationships’, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Vol. 59, pp. 1225–32,1997

Henrik Svensmark, ‘Influence of Cosmic Rays on Earth’s Climate’, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 81, pp. 5027–30, 1998

Nigel Marsh and Henrik Svensmark, ‘Low Cloud Properties Influenced by Cosmic Rays’, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, pp. 5004–07, 2000

Nigel Marsh and Henrik Svensmark, ‘Cosmic Rays, Clouds, and Climate’, Space Science Review, Vol. 94, pp. 215–30, 2000

J. Veizer, Y. Godderis, L.M. François, 'Evidence for Decoupling of Atmospheric CO2 and Global Climate during the Phanerozoic Eon'. Nature, Vol. 404, pp. 698–701, 2000

F. Yu and R.P. Turco, 'From Molecular Clusters to Nanoparticles: Role of Ambient Ionization in Tropospheric Aerosol Formation', Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 106, pp. 4797–4814, 2001.

N.J. Shaviv, 'Cosmic Ray Diffusion from the Galactic Spiral Arms, Iron Meteorites and a possible Climatic Connection', Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, p. 051102, 2002

N.J. Shaviv, 'The Spiral Structure of the Milky Way, Cosmic-Rays and Ice-Age Epochs on Earth', New Astronomy, Vol. 8, pp. 39-77, 2002

N.J. Shaviv and J. Veizer, 'Celestial Driver of Phanerozoic climate?' GSA Today, 13/7, pp. 4-10, 2003.

Sushma Prasad, Heinz Vos, J.F.W. Negendank, Nicholas Waldmann, Steven L. Goldstein,
Mordechai Stein, 'Evidence from Lake Lisan of solar influence on decadal-to-centennial-scale climate variability during marine oxygen isotope stage 2', Geology, Vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 581–584, 2004

Henrik Svensmark, Jens Olaf Pepke Pedersen, Nigel Marsh, Martin Enghoff and Ulrik Uggerhøj, ‘Experimental Evidence for the Role of Ions in Particle Nucleation under Atmospheric Conditions’, Proceedings of the Royal Society A, Vol. 463, pp. 385–96, 2007 (released online Oct. 2006)

Other papers on cosmoclimatology include:

N.J. Shaviv, 'Toward a Solution to the Faint Sun Paradox – A Lower Cosmic Ray flux from a Stronger Solar Wind', Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108 (A 12), p. 1437, 2003

Henrik Svensmark, ‘Imprint of Galactic Dynamics on Earth’s Climate’, Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 327, pp. 866–70, 2006

Henrik Svensmark, ‘Cosmic Rays and the Biosphere over 4 Billion Years’, Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol. 327, pp. 871–5, 2006

Henrik Svensmark, ‘The Antarctic Climate Anomaly Explained by Galactic Cosmic Rays’, eprint http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0612145 , 2006

Henrik Svensmark, ‘Cosmoclimatology: a new theory emerges’, Astronomy and Geophysics, Royal Astronomical Society, London, Vol. 48, Issue 1, 2007

Henrik Svensmark and Eigil Friis-Christensen, ‘Reply to Lockwood and Fröhlich – The Persistent Role of the Sun in Climate Forcing’, Danish National Space Center Scientific Report, 3/2007, September 2007

Martin B. Enghoff and Henrik Svensmark, 'The role of atmospheric ions in aerosol nucleation - a review', in preparation 2008.